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Very Rare 1856 San Francisco Committee of Vigilance Silver Medal

Currency:USD Category:Coins & Paper Money / Exonumia - Medals Start Price:12,500.00 USD Estimated At:25,000.00 - 35,000.00 USD
Very Rare 1856 San Francisco Committee of Vigilance Silver Medal
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The year was 1856. Not since 1849 was there so much excitement in California. The Vigilance Committee was resurrected and out to clean up the town of San Francisco. The Committee was originally created in 1851. With the "sometimes you have to break the law to preserve the law" attitude, this Committee actively sought membership and kept systemic and accurate records of members and deeds. Although not working within the law, they followed modern jurisprudence. Each man identified by the Committee as breaking the law was given notification that their presence was unacceptable in San Francisco and they had a short time to leave. If the Committee took more drastic measures, such as hanging, the defendant was given a trail with a qualified attorney to represent him. Although the trial was short and the sentence was fulfilled quickly fulfilled. In August of 1851 the police, spurred by a declaration from the Governor, finally put a stop to the actions of the Vigilance Committee.



The Committee became inactive, but never formally dissolved. In 1856 the good citizens of San Francisco once again felt the encroachment of the lawless on their daily lives. The Vigilance Committee was reborn. The final straw was the death of James King of William. As a newspaperman King was calling out thugs in his paper. One of those thugs, James P. Casey shot him to death. 2,600 law abiding citizens were quickly enrolled. (This number would eventually grow to about 7,000.) It was said that every man who held a municipal position was elected by fraudulent means that were orchestrated by Casey. The first act of the Vigilance Committee was to hold their own election and replace every elected official in San Francisco. Their next act was to retrieve Casey from the local jail (where he was put in protective custody). The sheriff seeing canons and companies of men surrounding his building gave up Casey. Casey was tried and hung.



The Governor of California soon declared the city of San Francisco to be in a state of insurrection. He ordered a militia be secured, but he could not find 150 men to fill its ranks. The Committee continued to deport undesirable characters and hang the most offensive. Late in 1856 the Vigilance Committee disbanded having successfully completed their mission to once again restore law and order to the streets of San Francisco and to clean up the corrupt government of the city. A documented eight people were hung by the Committee and several city officials were forced to resign. The number of lawless men forced to leave the city under punishment of death and the number of men who left voluntarily is undocumented.



This silver medallion is numbered 1884. We are in the process of identifying this member and will provide updated information if found. Records of membership exist in collections at the Huntington Library. Unlike many vigilante groups, members of this committee did not hide their involvement. Partial lists of prominent members were published at the time, possibly to encourage enrollment and sway public favor.



It measures 37.1 m,. 26.219 grams and is 3.5 - 3.7 mm. thick. On the obverse SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA is engraved on the bottom and BE JUST AND FEAR NOT. FIAT JUSTITIA RUAT COELUM. around the top. Justice stands in the center, The reverse depicts the Great Seal of the San Francisco Committee of Vigilance comprising the All Seeing Eye in the center and a scroll below to receive the member's number, COMMITTEE OF VIGILANCE is above the all seeing eye and ORGANIZED 9TH JUNE 1851. REORGANIZED 14TH MAY 1856 around the top. The Maker's mark is V & G. (Vachon & Gihon) at lower left. The medallion was struck in silver with a plain edge, and looped for wearing as made.



This medallion is deep argent-gray in color with some deeper charcoal accents in the protected areas of the design. A number of small edge bumps and tiny chips are reported on each side, otherwise, the surfaces are quite smooth only showing signs of light wear.



Checking Stack's Bowers and Bonhams there are only ten numbered medallions that have been identified. Of those ten, four are either engravings or their whereabouts are unknown. State: California City: San Francisco Date: 1856 FHWAC#: 41751