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Wintun, Yolo County Artifacts

Currency:USD Category:Collectibles / Native Americana Start Price:150.00 USD Estimated At:300.00 - 600.00 USD
Wintun, Yolo County Artifacts
SOLD
500.00USD+ (125.00) buyer's premium + applicable fees & taxes.
This item SOLD at 2018 May 07 @ 09:33UTC-7 : PDT/MST
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Artifacts include: fossilized bone fragment; awls; plummets; game pieces; rare California acorn atlatl spurs (attached to an atlatl, the spear thrower. It would attach to make the hook to hold the spear. these are only found in California.); quartz crystals; charm stones; shell strands; planting tools; and more. Robert Fulton Collection.



Wintun, "person." The Wintun people consisted of three subgroups: Patwin (Southern); River and Hill Nomlaki (Central); and Wintu (Northern). Wintuns traditionally lived west of the Sacramento River, from the valley to the Coast Range. Today most Wintuns live on reservations and rancherias in Colusa, Glenn, Yolo, Mendocino, and Shasta Counties. The eighteenth-century population of Wintuns was roughly 15,000, including perhaps 2,000 Nomlaki. In 1990, 147 Indians lived on the four Wintun rancherias, and more lived off-reservation. Also, Wintuns were among 656 Indians who lived on two other shared reservations. The enrolled membership figures were 2,244 Wintu, 332 Nomlaki, and no Patwin. History In aboriginal times, the Wintuns consisted of nine major groups within the three main subgroups. Some Nomlakis encountered the Spanish as early as 1808, although in general the Nomlaki were outside the sphere of Spanish influence. By 1800, Patwins were being taken by force to the missions. Wintus first met non-natives in 1826, when the Jedediah Smith and Peter Ogden expeditions entered the region. Malaria epidemics killed roughly 75 percent of Wintuns in the early 1830s. Severe smallpox epidemics followed in 1837. By the mid-nineteenth century, most of their land had been stolen. Ranchers’ cattle and sheep destroyed their main food sources. Miners polluted the fresh water. Then came the massacres. Captain John C. Fremont killed 175 Wintu and Yana in 1846; in 1850, whites gave a "friendship" feast with poisoned food, killing 100 Wintu. In 1851, 300 Indians died. HWAC# 58876 Date: Location: California